RDF graphs

RDF graphs are a representation of knowledge by triples of the form (subject, predicate, object). They are widely used in representation of knowledge and can be queried with the the SPARQL query language.

Several format exist for encoding a RDF graph. The format used here is Turtle, a compact and readable representation.

These files are generated from the unit files, alignment files and language files by the GitHub automated processes.

• nuva_core.ttl is a minimal graph with vaccines and valences, only English labels.
• nuva_full.ttl complements it with:
  • alignments with code systems
  • labels in other languages
• Language files such as nuva_fr.ttl contains only the labels in a given language. They can be aggregated with nuva_core.ttl to obtain a translated version.

Vaccine resource

Structure

Predicate	Card.	Object	Object type	Meaning
rdf:type	1	owl:Class	Resource	Structural
rdfs:subClassOf	1	nuva:Vaccine|nuva:VACxxxx	Resource	Structural
dcterms:created	1	literal	xsd:date	Date of creation
dcterms:modified	1	literal	xsd:date	Date of last publication
rdfs:label	1..*	literal	xsd:string	Short description (localized) or Brand name
rdfs:comment	1..*	literal	xsd:string	Long description (localized)
nuvs:containsValence	0..*	nuva:VALxxx	Resource	Included valence
skos:notation	1	VACxxxx	xsd:string	Full code for the concept
skos:notation	0..*	literal	nuva:CS_X	Equivalent code in code system CS_X

Notes

• Abstract vaccines are subclasses of nuva:Vaccine
• Real vaccines are subclasses their abstract vaccine
• Real vaccines do not have nuvs:containsValence attributes
• There is at most one localized string for a given predicate and language. Brand names are not localized.
• CS_X stands for one of the CodeSystem resources, such as ATC or CVX.
• There can be many notations for a same vaccine, including several notations within a same code system.
• A same notation cannot be attributed to two different vaccines.

  Examples from nuva_full.ttl

  Abstract vaccine

  nuva:VAC0859 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Vierwertiger HPV-Impfstoff, nicht näher bezeichnet"@de,
        "Εμβόλιο HPV τετραδύναμο, απροσδιόριστο"@el,
        "HPV vaccine quadrivalent, unspecified"@en,
        "Vaccin HPV quadrivalent, sans précision"@fr
    nuvs:containsValence nuva:VAL052,
        nuva:VAL238,
        nuva:VAL239,
        nuva:VAL240,
        nuva:VAL241 ;
    dcterms:created "2022-03-09"^^xsd:date ;
    dcterms:modified "2024-07-05"^^xsd:date ;
    rdfs:comment "Vierwertiger rekombinanter humaner Papillomavirus-Impfstoff, Typen 6, 11, 16 und 18"@de,
        "Τετραδύναμο ανασυνδυασμένο εμβόλιο του ιού των ανθρώπινων θηλωμάτων, τύποι 6, 11, 16 και 18"@el,
        "Human Papillomavirus vaccine, quadrivalent (types 6, 11, 16, and 18), recombinant"@en,
        "Vaccin contre les papillomavirus humains à base de VLP (Virus Like Particles ou pseudo particules virales), quadrivalent (types 6, 11, 16 et 18), recombinant, adsorbé"@fr,
    rdfs:subClassOf nuva:Vaccine ;
    skos:notation "J07BM01"^^nuva:ATC,
        "90649"^^nuva:CPT,
        "7801000087108"^^nuva:CVC,
        "62"^^nuva:CVX,
        "XM1821"^^nuva:ICD11,
        "0859"^^nuva:NUVACode,
        "10271002000108"^^nuva:SCT_NUVA,
        "2001000221108"^^nuva:SNOMED-CT,
        "VAC0859"^^xsd:string .
  

  Real vaccine

  nuva:VAC0007 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "GARDASIL"^^xsd:string ;
    dcterms:created "2021-07-19"^^xsd:date ;
    dcterms:modified "2026-09-18"^^xsd:date ;
    rdfs:subClassOf nuva:VAC0859 ;
    skos:notation "037311"^^nuva:AIC,
        "68005349"^^nuva:CIS,
        "69604608"^^nuva:CIS,
        "2415586"^^nuva:CNK,
        "7351000087103"^^nuva:CVC,
        "02283190"^^nuva:DIN,
        "3514171"^^nuva:ELGA,
        "EU-1-06-357-001"^^nuva:EU-NUMBER,
        "5039243"^^nuva:INFARMED,
        "0007"^^nuva:NUVACode,
        "231002000102"^^nuva:SCT_NUVA,
        "57735"^^nuva:SWISSMEDIC,
        "18"^^nuva:THL,
        "VAC0007"^^xsd:string .
  

Valence resource

Structure

Predicate	Card.	Object	Object type	Meaning
rdf:type	1	owl:Class	Resource	Structural
dcterms:created	1	literal	xsd:date	Date of creation
dcterms:modified	1	literal	xsd:date	Date of last publication
rdfs:label	1..*	literal	xsd:string	Short description (localized)
skos:altLabel	1..*	literal	xsd:string	Short hand notation (localized)
rdfs:subClassOf	1	nuva:VALxxx	Resource	Parent valence, or nuva:Valence for top-level valences
skos:notation	VALxxx	xsd:string	Full code for the concept

Example

nuva:VAL017 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Azelluläre Pertussis-Valenz, reduzierte Dosis"@de,
        "Ακυτταρική βακτηριακή βαλεντία κοκκύτη, μειωμένη δόση"@el,
        "Pertussis valence, acellular, reduced dose"@en,
        "Valence coqueluche, acellulaire, dose réduite"@fr,
        "Bezšūnu garā klepus valence, samazināta deva"@lv,
        "Wartość bezkomórkowej krztuścowej, zmniejszona dawka"@pl,
        "Valência acelular contra a coqueluche, dose reduzida"@pt ;
    dcterms:created "2021-07-19"^^xsd:date ;
    dcterms:modified "2025-04-29"^^xsd:date ;
    rdfs:subClassOf nuva:VAL117 ;
    skos:altLabel "ap"@de,
        "ap"@el,
        "ap"@en,
        "ca"@fr,
        "ap"@lv,
        "ap"@pl,
        "ap"@pt ;
    skos:notation "VAL017"^^xsd:string .